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Question: Write about theArticle Review on Public Relations in Society. Answer: Summary: Australian Day is important in the Australian culture. This day witnesses the conglomeration of Australians as a nation. Recapitulation of the achievements is the main activity performed by the Australians in this gathering. According to National Australian Day Council (NADC), this day is marked for celebrating the richness in the cultural diversity. Exclusion of the Aboriginals reflects incompleteness within the celebrations. The article upholds the evidence of Australian Day celebration, under the media and cultural studies. This expanded the knowledge of the public relation practitioners, regarding the different cultures. However, lack of examination of the evidences has not exposed the steps taken by the practitioners for promoting the Australian culture. This lack is one of the gaps in the literature related to the Australian Day. One of the other gaps of the article is the failure towards excavating the exact reason for celebrating Australian Day. However, at one point, the article considers strive for public support as the main reason for observing Australian Day. According to the other perceptions, Australian Day was significant, as it was a collaborative attempt of the Australians to celebrate the quest for adding meaning into their lives. Therefore, it can be said that the critics were mixed in terms of the Australian culture. Bordieu attaches value and weightage to the critics, who question the cultural programs taking place on radio and television. Countering this, experimenting with the cultural sentiments contradicts the true essence of ethics. Delving deep into this experimentation, it is an interplay with the individual sentiments of the people, which is, in turn, adds a negative connotation to the aspect, culture. New petite bourgeoisie was the term coined by Bordieu to represent the elites. However, they were categorized, as the public relation practitioners peeked into their personal and private space. Even in these narrations also, there were disparities between the actual descriptions and the exposed facts. Mediatization of the new petite bourgeoisie secludes them from the mainstream society. This seclusion adds hypothetical perspective to their profession, negating their cultural integration with people from other occupations. The arguments provided by Negus in the article merges the intermediaries, which restores the lost cultural value in the statement of Bordieu. Consideration of the space between the product and consumption would help in gaining an insight into the practices towards preserving the Australian culture. This would require a deeper examination of evidences regarding the cultural events and practices. The article lays special emphasis on advertising practices. Advertising is one of the efficient means of informing the people about the latest trends. Maintaining rationality in advertising would result in the preservation of individual sentiments of the people, which enhances the culture. Campaigning is one of the other techniques, which can be adopted for assessing the approaches of the people in response to the events taking place. Australian Day is a symbol of cultural heritage for the inhabitants. Commercialization of the festival by advertising and promotion would be a shameful act in terms of preserving the culture and maintaining peace and harmony. Article 2: Australian Public Relations campaigns: A selected historical perspective 1899-1950 Author: Mark Sheehan Summary: Campaigns are one of an effective tools adopted by the Public Relations Professionals in terms of enhancing the stability in the relationship with public domain. There are evidence regarding the campaigning activities in the early 1900. Usage of radar gained prime importance in the campaigning activities. The main aim of the article is to peek into the people involved in the campaigns. In this, the major focus is on the professional development of the public relation practitioners. Different perspectives are attached to the definitions of campaign for gaining an insight into the rationale behind their undertakings. The campaigns One of the main purposes of these campaigns was the achievement of economic growth. The article mentions the high economic growth during the 150th anniversary of the white settlement in Australia. This was during the period of 1938, when the political parties were actively involved in the campaigns. 20th century witnessed the exploitation of the communication tools for adding more supporters to the parties. This was illegal in terms of playing with the sentiments of the people. Adoption of wrong means for gaining public support was against the workplace ethics. In terms of the varied identities of public relations, there were fewer campaigns. It was in the era of 1897 that the members of Association of American Railroads used the term campaign for making the people aware of newly introduced rails. Evidences of academic writing reflect the commonality of public relations from the beginning of 1897. The era of 1830 achieved an escalation in the public relations. The major drive behind this was the widespread utilization of communication tools- speech, pamphlets, and strategic polls. Here, the role of Amos Kendall needs to be applauded as he indulged in counseling sessions for guiding President Jackson. Coordination between the branches of the political parties brought Jackson to limelight. This case study acts assistance towards exploration of the cultural practices, present in the Australian threshold. History is the witness to the different and varied use of public relations. The explorative approach undertaken by the article proves beneficial for the readers in terms of projecting the immense popularity of media. Radio took over newspaper in the 19th century, followed by television in the 20th century. However, the purpose of informing the people remained the same. The case studies reflect the ways through which the public relation practitioners used the communication tools for strengthening their public relations. Campaigns can be one of the mediums proposed by MacArthur model for conveying the latest messages to the public domain. 1942 was the era, when public relations got its pure essence. It is at this stage that the one way communication was widely used for disseminating the essential information to the public. This was time specific in terms of assessing the public approaches towards the undertaken communication tools. Two-way communication initiated in the period of 1960, where there was mutual understanding between the party members and the public. Both sides communication proved essential in gaining an insight into the needs and requirements of the public. This insight, in turn, helped in ensuring public welfare, one of the important components for preserving the culture. Article 3: Globalisation and public relations: An overview looking into the future Author: Krishnamurthy Sriramesh Summary For decades, public relations have been considered as a 20th century phenomenon. Evidences regarding the public relations practice can be traced in the threshold of UK and USA. In the recent past, many researches have been conducted for exploring the public relations practice, which were evident since the pre-Biblical times. Even there are research regarding the public relation practice in the middle east, which dates back to 4000 years. Scholars need to be praised for taking the public to the age of tablets for disseminating the information to the public. With the advancement of science, transformations have come in the communication mediums. Typical examples in this direction are newspapers, radio, and television. Globalization has covered all of the spheres including the public relations. Publicizing the relations was an attempt to enrich the cultural diversity. Typical evidence in this direction are reformation of Europe after World War 2 and formation of United States in 1946 among others. Lifting of the trade barriers acted as a green signal for the companies to make widespread use of the public relation practices. The immediate result was enrichment of the cultural diversity through the hands of media. The article highlights the introduction of latest and modern technologies, which enabled the media personnel to intimate the public the current affairs. Specifically, the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) gains prominence in the relationship between globalization and public relations. 1990 was the era when social media found its presence. The initial stages were not that productive, as the people lacked the operational skills. In the later stages, social media exposed wonders in terms of easing the process of delivering goods and services. This communication medium gathered popularity among the people, as it was cheaper. Through this aspect, the article exposes one of the other dimensions of the relation between globalization and public relation. Theoretical considerations proposed by the article seem beneficial in terms of enhancing the readers knowledge about globalization of public relations. Typical example in this direction is the model of public relations. This model sheds light on the strategies undertaken by the media personnel for enhancing the stability in their public relations. The article upholds the evidence regarding the policies, which were implemented in the organizations of US and in the few democratic countries of the West. Within this, public relation scholarships were one of the important developments in the period of 1990. Adhering to the principles of media proved beneficial in terms of executing effective advertising practices. Involving the coalition parties for decision-making resulted in the achievement of positive outcomes. Complying with the contract terms and conditions preserved the stability in the relationship. This compliance was included within the strategies, which systematized the dissemination of the information to the public. Introduction of scholarships in the public relations is the recent example of globalization, which creates a mass appeal for expanding the media business. However, rationality is crucial in terms of attracting more customers. Here, consciousness towards preservation of culture is the cornerstone towards enhancing the public relations. References Macnamara, J., Crawford, R. (2013). The construction of Australia Day: A study of public relations as new cultural intermediaries.Continuum,27(2), 294-310. Sheehan, M. (2007). Australian public relations campaigns: A select historical perspective 18991950.Australian Media Traditions: Distance and Diversity. Sriramesh, K. (2009). Globalisation and public relations: An overview looking into the future.Prism,6(2), 1-11.